Muva nje, umbiko womsebenzi kahulumeni walezi zikhathi ezimbili ubeke phambili umgomo wokuthuthukiswa wokusheshisa ukwakhiwa kohlelo olusha lwamandla, ukuhlinzeka ngesiqondiso senqubomgomo esigunyaziwe sokugqugquzelwa kobuchwepheshe bokonga ugesi ekukhanyeni kuzwelonke kanye nokukhuthazwa kwemishini yokukhanyisa amandla aluhlaza.
Phakathi kwazo, izibani ezintsha zokukhanyisa amandla ezingaxhumi kugridi yamandla ezentengiselwano futhi zisebenzisa izinto ezizimele zokuphehla ugesi ukuze zinikeze izicelo zamandla sezibe yilungu elibalulekile lesistimu entsha yamandla.Seziphenduke imikhiqizo ebalulekile yeminyango yokuphatha izibani zasemadolobheni kanye nabathengi bendawo yokukhanyisa ukuze bazuze izindleko zokusebenzisa amandla angekho futhi futhi bayiziqondiso ezijwayelekile zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa okuluhlaza esikhathini esizayo.
Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izitayela zamanje zentuthuko emkhakheni wokukhanyisa amandla amasha?Yiziphi izitayela abazivumelanisa nazo?Ukuphendula lokhu, i-Zhongzhao Net ikhombise izitayela ezishisayo ezimakethe ezine ezinkulu ezintsha zokukhanyisa amandla eminyakeni yamuva futhi yahlaziya ukuhlobana kwazo kanye nezinzuzo kanye nobubi obufanele ekusetshenzisweni nasekudumeni, inikeze inkomba yereferensi yokuzuza ukonga amandla kanye imigomo yokuthuthukiswa kwekhabhoni ephansi embonini yokukhanyisa.
I-Solar Lighting
Ngokuncipha okwandayo kwezinsiza zomhlaba kanye nezindleko zokutshala izimali ezikhulayo zemithombo yamandla eyisisekelo, izingozi ezihlukahlukene zokuphepha nokungcoliswa komhlaba zigcwele yonke indawo.Eminyakeni yamuva, ngaphansi kwesidingo esijulile samandla okukhanyisa ahlanzekile kanye nogesi wokukhanyisa ongabizi kakhulu ovela kuzo zonke izigaba zomphakathi, ukukhanya kwelanga kuye kwavela, okuyindlela yokuqala yokukhanyisa ngaphandle kwegridi yenkathi entsha yamandla.
Imishini yokukhanyisa elanga iguqula amandla elanga abe amandla okushisa ukuze kukhiqizwe isitimu, esiguqulwa sibe amandla kagesi ngejeneretha bese sigcinwa ebhethrini.Emini, iphaneli yelanga ithola imisebe yelanga futhi iyiguqule ibe amandla kagesi, agcinwe ebhethri ngesilawuli sokushaja;ebusuku, lapho ukukhanya kuncipha kancane kancane kuze kufike ku-101 lux futhi i-voltage yesifunda evulekile yephaneli yelanga icishe ibe ngu-4.5V, isilawuli sokushaja sithola leli nani le-voltage bese ibhethri liphuma ukuze linikeze amandla kagesi adingekayo omthombo wokukhanya i-luminaire nezinye izinto zokukhanyisa.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinto zokukhanyisa ezixhunywe kugridi, izibani zangaphandle zokukhanyisa ilanga azidingi izintambo eziyinkimbinkimbi.Uma nje isisekelo sikasimende senziwe futhi silungiswe ngezikulufo zensimbi engagqwali, ukufakwa kulula;uma kuqhathaniswa nezindleko zikagesi eziphakeme kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokunakekela izibani ezixhunywe kugridi, izibani zokukhanyisa zelanga ezinamandla amakhulu azikwazi ukufeza nje kuphela izindleko zikagesi eziyiziro kodwa futhi azikho izindleko zokuwulungisa.Badinga inkokhelo yesikhathi esisodwa kuphela yezindleko zokuthenga nokufaka.Ukwengeza, izibani zokukhanyisa zelanga ziyimikhiqizo yamandla kagesi aphansi kakhulu, ephephile futhi ethembekile ekusebenzeni, ngaphandle kwezingozi zokuphepha zezinto zokukhanyisa ezixhunywe kugridi ezibangelwa ukuguga kwezinto zokujikeleza kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla okungavamile.
Ngenxa yezinzuzo zezomnotho ezibalulekile ezilethwa ukukhanyisa kwelanga, iye yaveza amafomu ezicelo ahlukene, kusukela kumalambu anamandla amakhulu asemgwaqweni namalambu asegcekeni kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphandle njengamalambu amasignali wamandla aphakathi nendawo namancane, izibani zotshani, izibani zemvelo, izibani zokuhlonza, izibulala-zinambuzane. izibani, ngisho nezinto zokukhanyisa zasendlini zasendlini, ezinokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa kwelanga.Phakathi kwazo, izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga yizona ezifunwa kakhulu izibani zelanga emakethe yamanje.
Ngokusho kwedatha yokuhlaziya egunyaziwe, ngonyaka ka-2018, imakethe yokukhanya kokukhanya kwelanga yasekhaya yayibiza ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-16.521, ekhuphuke yafinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-24.65 ngo-2022, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esicishe sibe yi-10%.Ngokusekelwe kulo mkhuba wokukhula kwemakethe, kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2029, usayizi wemakethe yokukhanya komgwaqo welanga uzofinyelela ku-45.32 billion yuan.
Ngokombono wezimakethe zomhlaba, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha okugunyaziwe kukhombisa futhi ukuthi isilinganiso somhlaba wonke sezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga sifinyelele ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-50 zamadola aseMelika ngo-2021, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi sifinyelele ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-300 zamadola aseMelika ngo-2023. Phakathi kwazo, umthamo wemakethe wamandla amasha anjalo. imikhiqizo yokukhanyisa e-Afrika iye yanda ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka ku-2021 kuya ku-2022, ngokukhula kokufakwa kwama-30% kule minyaka emibili.Kungabonakala ukuthi izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zingaletha umfutho oqinile wokukhula komnotho ezimakethe ezifundeni ezingathuthukisiwe emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngokwezinga lebhizinisi, ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele zophenyo lwebhizinisi, kunengqikithi yabakhiqizi bezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga eziyi-8,839 ezweni lonke.Phakathi kwazo, iSifundazwe saseJiangsu, esinabakhiqizi abaningi abayizi-3,843, siqhwakele phezulu ngenani elikhulu;kulandele eduze iSifundazwe saseGuangdong.Kulo mkhuba wokuthuthuka, i-Zhongshan Guzhen esifundazweni sase-Guangdong kanye ne-Yangzhou Gaoyou, i-Changzhou, ne-Danyang esifundazweni sase-Jiangsu seziphenduke izisekelo ezine eziphezulu zokukhiqiza ukukhanya kwe-solar street ngokwesilinganiso ezweni lonke.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi amabhizinisi okukhanyisa afuywayo aziwa kakhulu njenge-Opple Lighting, i-Ledsen Lighting, i-Foshan Lighting, i-Yaming Lighting, i-Yangguang Lighting, i-SanSi, kanye namabhizinisi okukhanyisa amazwe ngamazwe angena emakethe yasekhaya njenge-Xinuo Fei, i-OSRAM, ne-General Electric ukuhlelwa kwemakethe okucophelelayo kwezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga neminye imikhiqizo yezibani zelanga.
Nakuba izibani zokukhanyisa zelanga zilethe umfutho ophawulekayo wemakethe ngenxa yokungabikho kwezindleko zikagesi, ubunzima bazo ekuklanyweni kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme ngenxa yesidingo sezingxenye ezengeziwe zokusekela ukusebenza kwazo uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani ezixhunywe kugridi kwenza amanani azo abe phezulu.Okubaluleke nakakhulu, izibani zokukhanya kwelanga zisebenzisa imodi yamandla eguqula amandla elanga abe amandla okushisa bese iba amandla kagesi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla phakathi nale nqubo, ngokwemvelo kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla futhi futhi kuthinte ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya ngezinga elithile.
Ngaphansi kwezidingo ezinjalo zokusebenza, imikhiqizo yokukhanyisa kwelanga idinga ukuguqukela kumafomu amasha asebenzayo esikhathini esizayo ukuze iqhubeke nomfutho wayo oqinile wemakethe.
Ukukhanya kwe-Photovoltaic
Ukukhanyisa kwe-photovoltaic kungashiwo ukuthi inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yokukhanyisa kwelanga ngokwezici zokusebenza.Lolu hlobo lwe-luminaire lunikeza amandla ngokwalo ngokuguqula amandla elanga abe amandla kagesi.Idivayisi yayo eyinhloko iyiphaneli yelanga, engaguqula amandla elanga abe amandla kagesi, agcinwe kumabhethri, bese ehlinzeka ngokukhanyisa ngemithombo yokukhanya ye-LED efakwe amadivayisi okulawula ukukhanya.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani zokukhanyisa zelanga ezidinga ukuguqulwa kwamandla kabili, izibani ze-photovoltaic zidinga ukuguqulwa kwamandla kanye kuphela, ukuze zibe namadivayisi ambalwa, izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi, futhi ngenxa yalokho amanani aphansi, okwenza kube nenzuzo enkulu ekudumeni kwesicelo.Kuyaphawuleka ikakhulukazi ukuthi ngenxa yokunciphisa izinyathelo zokuguqula amandla, izibani ze-photovoltaic zisebenza kahle kangcono kunezibani zelanga.
Ngezinzuzo ezinjalo zobuchwepheshe, ngokusho kwedatha yokuhlaziya egunyaziwe, kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2021, umthamo ofakiwe ohlanganisiwe wemikhiqizo yokukhanyisa i-photovoltaic e-China usufinyelele kuma-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingu-27.Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2025, usayizi wemakethe wokukhanyisa kwe-photovoltaic uzodlula ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-6.985, okuzokwenza kube nentuthuko esheshayo kulo mkhakha wemboni.Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngesilinganiso esinjalo sokukhula kwemakethe, i-China isiphinde yaba ngumkhiqizi omkhulu wezinto zokukhanyisa ze-photovoltaic, ethatha ngaphezu kuka-60% wesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke.
Nakuba inezinzuzo ezivelele kanye namathemba emakethe athembisayo, izinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhanyisa i-photovoltaic nazo zinezithiyo eziphawulekayo, phakathi kwazo isimo sezulu nokukhanya okukhanyayo kuyizici ezinkulu ezithonya.Isimo sezulu esiguquguqukayo kanye nemvula noma izimo zasebusuku azigcini nje ngokuhluleka ukukhiqiza ugesi owanele kodwa futhi zenza kube nzima ukunikeza amandla okukhanyisa anele emithonjeni yokukhanyisa, okuthinta ukusebenza kahle kokuphuma kwamaphaneli e-photovoltaic futhi kunciphise ukuzinza kwalo lonke uhlelo lokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic, ngaleyo ndlela kufinyezwe ubude bempilo bemithombo yokukhanya kuzinto ezilungiswayo.
Ngakho-ke, izibani zokukhanyisa ze-photovoltaic zidinga ukuhlonyiswa ngamadivaysi amaningi okuguqula amandla ukuze kunxeshezelwe izithiyo zokusebenzisa imishini ye-photovoltaic ezindaweni ezimnyama, ezihlangabezana nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza zesikali semakethe esikhulayo.
Ukukhanya Okuhambisana Nomoya kanye Nelanga
Esikhathini lapho imboni yokukhanyisa ididwa ukulinganiselwa kwamandla
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-08-2024